Most of the microstructures of refractory fiber objects are atoms combined into crystals, arranged in an orderly manner, or arranged in disorder to form a glass body. An atom is composed of a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons. In an atom, the outer electrons are less attracted by the nucleus, and the electrons are easily lost. Under certain external conditions, electron transfer can occur between objects, and the object receiving electrons will be negatively charged due to excess electrons, while the object losing electrons will be positively charged. In fact, under the influence of such external factors, the process of making objects generate charges is the so-called electrification phenomenon. If the generated charge is fixed on the object and does not flow, it is called electrostatic charge or static electricity.
The refractory fibers collide and rub against each other, and even generate static electricity when the fibers are stretched and compressed. Most of the electrostatic generation of fibers is generated by friction, but in essence it is due to the contact effect of two objects. Friction only increases the contact area and reduces the contact gap. During the production and processing of fibers, due to the movement friction between the contact surfaces, the process of contact and separation occurs, and the charge moves near the surface layer, thus generating static electricity. Experiments have proved that when the contact distance between the surfaces of two objects is less than 2.5 x 10-~'cm, they have the possibility of triboelectrification.